The Parisian club has now won the prestigious trophy on 14 separate occasions.
The Parisian giants needed a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a successful penalty shootout to get past Marseille in the Gulf and secure a fourth straight French Super Cup title.
The Champions League holders seemed to be coasting towards a straightforward triumph in the showdown featuring the French league champions and the Coupe de France holders after Ousmane Dembele opened the scoring early on.
However, Marseille fired twice in the closing moments to seize a shock lead. Initially, Mason Greenwood converted from the penalty spot, before the defender inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a breathtaking twist of events, the Portuguese striker grabbed a vital equaliser in the dying moments to send the contest into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the hero, stopping crucial kicks from O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and Desire Doue all converted successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a 4-1 penalty win.
The record winners Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now won this trophy for the 12th time in the last 13 years.